Today, there are two main methods of 3D printing: Fused Wire Deposition (FDM) and Stereolithography (SLA). Both processes use the same principles as above, but use them in different ways. Each method has its own advantages and fields of application. Far from being opposed to each other, they are complementary in certain aspects.
- Fused Wire Deposition (FDM)
This is the most common 3D printing process used by individuals. It is accessible and rather cheap. Printing is based on a succession of layers obtained through a heated nozzle. The accuracy of the printing depends on the size of the nozzle used to melt the plastic.
This method is less accurate but less expensive. It is suitable for larger prints with less detail. Only one object can be printed at a time.
Stereolithography is one of the first 3D printing processes developed in the 1980s. SLA uses a laser to convert resin from a liquid to a solid state by photopolymerisation. Here the accuracy depends on the resolution of the printing screen.
This method allows very high precision prints. More expensive, it has the advantage of being able to print several objects simultaneously (as long as the size of the screen allows it)